This paper presents an efficient Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm for solving large scale economic load dispatch (ELD) problems in power networks.To realize the ELD, the valve-point loading effect, system load demand, power losses, ramp rate limits and prohibited operation Signs zones are considered here.Simulations were performed on four diff
Hedging devices play a crucial role in mitigating claims and reducing directness in academic writing.Their utilisation in scholarly discourse facilitates tentativeness and fosters effective communication.The present study investigates the use of Eye mask hedging devices by Indonesian researchers in the soft sciences.The dataset comprises 2,511,423
Abstract Eumerus Meigen, 1823 Eye mask is a very speciose genus of flower flies from the Eastern Hemisphere.Several reports of introduced species of this genus in the Americas have been recorded since early in the twentieth century, with a present list of six species recorded to date from the Americas and the US territory of Hawaii.In this paper we
The study aimed at getting more information about the state of teaching freshman English in Saudi universities.Also, the study aimed at knowing to what extent are the freshman English textbooks used in the English language departments or centers in Saudi universities compatible with Saudi Islamic culture.To achieve these goals, the researcher used
Epilithic diatoms are a division of Bacillariophyceae which live on stone and hard surfaces.This study was aimed to investigate the population dynamics of diatoms in Babolrud river.Samples were collected from 5 stations from May 2012 through September 2012 in a monthly interval.Temperature, pH, NO3-, PO4- and (EC) were measured for each sampling.Sa